However, because the human body cannot produce B12 on its own, it must be obtained from diet or supplementsa feat easier said than done
doi: 10.1002/ana.410050104 125 KurtzkeJ
In aging, when melatonin output diminishes, this synchronization is weakened contributing to internal desynchrony and various functional impairments (Dufoo-Hurtado et al., 2020)
This interaction triggers c-Met phosphorylation and activates downstream signaling cascades including the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways, which are fundamental to neuronal survival, dendritic arborization, and synapse formation
Bring any B12 lab work if available your NP will advise on frequency
This is why ex vivo findings need to be confirmed in human trials which subsequent studies like the 2016 GHK peptide clinical trial and the 2021 copper tripeptide serum trial have done